Role of FDG PET-CT in recurrent renal cell carcinoma.
- AIM: To determine the efficacy of positron emission tomography-computed tomography using F-18 fluoro-deoxy-glucose (F-18 FDG PET-CT) in diagnosing the recurrence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients treated earlier with partial or radical nephrectomy. METHODS: We assessed 63 patients with suspected recurrent RCC after nephrectomy.
Synthesis and Preliminary Evaluation of 18-18F-Fluoro-4-Thia-Oleate as a PET Probe of Fatty Acid Oxidation.
- Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a major energy-providing process with important implications in cardiovascular, oncologic, neurologic, and metabolic diseases. A novel 4-thia oleate analog, 18-(18)F-fluoro-4-thia-oleate ((18)F-FTO), was evaluated in relationship to the previously developed palmitate analog 16-(18)F-fluoro-4-thia-palmitate ((18)F-FTP) as an FAO probe.
Isochronous Assessment of Cardiac Metabolism and Function in Mice Using Hybrid PET/MRI.
- Recently, integrated small-animal PET/MRI prototypes that provide isochronous and coregistered datasets of morphology and function through the simultaneous acquisition of PET and MRI data have been developed. However, the need for MRI compatibility can constrain the technical design of the PET components and may lead to a lower sensitivity and lower spatial and temporal resolutions.
Correlation Between Glycolytic Phenotype and Tumor Grade in Soft-Tissue Sarcomas by 18F-FDG PET.
- Tumor glycolytic phenotyping can be accomplished with (18)F-FDG PET. Tumor (18)F-FDG uptake correlates with tumor grade in several cancers.
Hybrid PET/MRI of Intracranial Masses: Initial Experiences and Comparison to PET/CT.
- Simultaneous PET and MRI using new hybrid PET/MRI systems promises optimal spatial and temporal coregistration of structural, functional, and molecular image data. In a pilot study of 10 patients with intracranial masses, the feasibility of tumor assessment using a PET/MRI system comprising lutetium oxyorthosilicate scintillators coupled to avalanche photodiodes was evaluated, and quantification accuracy was compared with conventional PET/CT datasets.
In Vivo Formation of {gamma}-H2AX and 53BP1 DNA Repair Foci in Blood Cells After Radioiodine Therapy of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.
- DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are critical cellular lesions that can result from ionizing radiation exposure. A marker for DSB formation is the phosphorylated form of the histone H2 variant H2AX (gamma-H2AX).
Single-Phase CT Aligned to Gated PET for Respiratory Motion Correction in Cardiac PET/CT.
- Respiratory motion can induce artifacts in cardiac PET/CT because of the misregistration of the CT attenuation map and emission data. Some solutions to the respiratory motion problem use 4-dimensional CT, but this increases patient radiation exposure.
Added Value of Intraoperative Real-Time Imaging in Searches for Difficult-to-Locate Sentinel Nodes.
- Localization of sentinel lymph nodes can be challenging if they are in difficult anatomic locations or near high radiotracer activity. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of intraoperative real-time imaging using a portable gamma-camera in conjunction with a conventional gamma-counting probe when it is difficult to localize the sentinel node.
18F-FDG PET/CT for Detection of Metastatic Infection in Gram-Positive Bacteremia.
- The timely detection of metastatic infectious foci in gram-positive bacteremia is crucial, because these foci often require prolonged antibiotic treatment or drainage. The diagnosis of metastatic infectious foci is difficult because localizing symptoms are often absent.
Quantification of Smoking-Induced Occupancy of {beta}2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: Estimation of Nondisplaceable Binding.
- 5-(123)I-iodo-85380 ((123)I-5-IA) is used to quantitate high-affinity nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (beta(2)-nAChRs) on human SPECT scans. The primary outcome measure is V(T)/f(P), the ratio at equilibrium between total tissue concentration (free, nonspecifically bound, and specifically bound) and the free plasma concentration.
18F-FDG PET/CT Findings and Circulating Tumor Cell Counts in the Monitoring of Systemic Therapies for Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer.
- Our objective was to compare the predictive significance of (18)F-FDG PET/CT findings and circulating tumor cell (CTC) count in patients with bone metastases from breast cancer treated with standard systemic therapy. METHODS: Breast cancer patients with progressive bone-only metastatic disease without visceral metastases starting a new line of systemic therapy underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT and had CTC counts determined before and during treatment.
Small-Animal PET/CT for Monitoring the Development and Response to Chemotherapy of Thymic Lymphoma in Trp53-/- Mice.
- Transgenic mouse models of human cancers represent one of the most promising approaches to elucidate clinically relevant mechanisms of action and provide insights into the treatment efficacy of new antitumor drugs. The use of Trp53 transgenic mice (Trp53 knockout [Trp53(-/-)] mice) for these kinds of studies is, so far, restricted by limitations in detecting developing tumors and the lack of noninvasive tools for monitoring tumor growth, progression, and treatment response.
Tumor pH and Its Measurement.
- Studies over the last few decades have demonstrated that the intracellular pH of solid tumors is maintained within a range of 7. 0-7.
The Significance of 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT Liver Perfusion Imaging in Treatment Planning for 90Y-Microsphere Selective Internal Radiation Treatment.
- Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), a catheter-based liver-directed modality for treating primary and metastatic liver cancer, requires appropriate planning to maximize its therapeutic response and minimize its side effects. (99m)Tc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) scanning should precede the therapy to detect any extrahepatic shunting to the lung or gastrointestinal tract.
Progression from Unilateral to Bilateral Parkinsonism in Early Parkinson Disease: Implication of Mesocortical Dopamine Dysfunction by PET.
- It is still unclear why some early Parkinson disease (PD) patients with unilateral parkinsonism develop bilateral parkinsonism soon after the diagnosis is made as Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage 1 and others remain stable for a long time. Here, we examined in vivo changes in the brain dopaminergic system using PET with a dopamine transporter radiotracer, (11)C-2-B-carbomethoxy-3B-(4-fluorophenyl) tropane ((11)C-CFT), to elucidate the pathophysiologic characteristics of the dopamine system in early converters.
89Zr-DFO-J591 for ImmunoPET of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression In Vivo.
- (89)Zr (half-life, 78. 41 h) is a positron-emitting radionuclide that displays excellent potential for use in the design and synthesis of radioimmunoconjugates for immunoPET.
A Bridge Not Too Far: Linking Disciplines Through Molecular Imaging Probes.
- Learning Objectives: On successful completion of this activity, participants should be able to describe (1) at least 3 emerging areas of probe development; (2) the advantages and limitations of dedicated imaging scanners and hybrid imaging probes; (3) the skills needed to develop, translate, and utilize novel molecular imaging probes, and the challenges associated with this process in the current economic and regulatory environments. Financial Disclosure: The author of this article has indicated that he serves as a consultant or advisor for Pfizer, GE Healthcare, and the Centre for Probe Development and Commercialization.
18F-FEAC and 18F-FEDAC: PET of the Monkey Brain and Imaging of Translocator Protein (18 kDa) in the Infarcted Rat Brain.
- We evaluated two (18)F-labeled PET ligands, N-benzyl-N-ethyl-2-[7,8-dihydro-7-(2-(18)F-fluoroethyl)-8-oxo-2-phenyl-9H-purin-9-yl]acetamide ((18)F-FEAC) and N-benzyl-N-methyl-2-[7,8-dihydro-7-(2-(18)F-fluoroethyl)-8-oxo-2-phenyl-9H-purin-9-yl]acetamide ((18)F-FEDAC), by investigating their kinetics in the monkey brain and by performing in vitro and in vivo imaging of translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) in the infarcted rat brain. METHODS: Dissection was used to determine the distribution of (18)F-FEAC and (18)F-FEDAC in mice, whereas PET was used for a monkey.
Early molecular imaging of interstitial changes in patients after myocardial infarction: Comparison with delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
- INTRODUCTION: The clinical feasibility of noninvasive imaging of interstitial alterations after myocardial infarction (MI) was assessed using a technetium-99m-labeled RGD imaging peptide (RIP). In experimental studies, RIP has been shown to target integrins associated with collagen-producing myofibroblasts (MFB).
Impact of left ventricular dyssynchrony by phase analysis on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with end-stage renal disease.
- BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). While left ventricular (LV) perfusion pattern and ejection fraction (EF) are important determinant of outcome, the prognostic importance of LV dyssynchrony, which can also be assessed by gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), has not been well studied in this population.
Structural epicardial disease and microvascular function are determinants of an abnormal longitudinal myocardial blood flow difference in cardiovascular risk individuals as determined with PET/CT.
- BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether epicardial structural disease may affect the manifestation of a longitudinal decrease in myocardial blood flow (MBF) or MBF difference during hyperemia in cardiovascular risk individuals, and its dependency on the flow increase. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 54 cardiovascular risk individuals (at risk) and in 26 healthy controls, MBF was measured with (13)N-ammonia and PET/CT in mL/g/min at rest and during dipyridamole stimulation.
Increasing the appropriateness of outpatient imaging: effects of a barrier to ordering low-yield examinations.
- Purpose: To determine the effect of a computerized radiology order entry system rule that prevented nonclinician support staff from completing orders for outpatient computed tomographic, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine examinations that received initial low-yield decision support scores in the order entry system. Materials and Methods: This retrospective HIPAA-compliant study was approved by the institutional review board; the requirement for informed consent was waived.
Imaging essential tremor.
- To investigate over time changes in striatal dopamine transporter (DAT), we performed two sequential N-omega-fluoropropyl-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl) tropane single photon computed tomography (SPECT) scans in 20 subjects with essential tremor (ET), in 13 with Parkinson disease (PD) and in 23 healthy controls (HC, one scan only). We also performed an [(99m)Tc]ethyl cysteinate dimer bicisate SPECT exam for regional brain network analysis in 9 ET, in a second group of 18 PD (9 with tremor, tPD and 9 akinetic-rigid dominant, arPD) and in 8 HC.
Absence epilepsy with focal clinical and electrographic seizures.
- Primary generalized seizures occur in half of all children with epilepsy. Correct classification carries important diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information.
FDG-PET scans in patients with lymphoma.
- Lymphoma comprises a complex set of diseases, including Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin subtypes. An expected goal of management is chronic disease control over decades in most patients with indolent subtypes, and cure is a realistic target for aggressive histologies, including Hodgkin lymphoma.
